An Overview of Forge Standard Library

Smart
contract
development
is
one
of
the
key
requirements
for
the
expansion
of

blockchain
and

web3.
You
might
wonder
about
the
need
to
learn
Forge
Standard
Library
for
smart
contract
development.
How
will
it
help
you
in
creating
innovative,
secure
and
powerful

smart
contracts
for
new
use
cases?
Forge
Standard
Library
offers
a
collection
of
contracts
that
can
help
you
write
tests
with
the
Foundry
framework.

Foundry
is
a
popular
toolkit
that
offers
access
to
a
broad
collection
of
tools
to
develop
and
deploy

decentralized
apps
on

Ethereum
blockchain.
It
has
been
designed
to
serve
the
needs
of
developers
with
diverse
levels
of
skill.
The
Forge
Standard
Library
in
Foundry
offers
the
essential
functionalities
that
you
need
to
start
writing
tests.
Let
us
learn
more
about
different
standard
libraries
that
can
help
you
write
tests
efficiently
in
this
Forge
Standard
Library
guide.

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Understanding
the
Fundamentals
of
Forge
Standard
Library

Foundry
is
one
of
the
most
popular
frameworks
for

smart
contract
development
with

Solidity
programming
language.
It
offers
a
command-line
interface
for
easier
creation,
management,
and

deployment
of
smart
contracts.
You
can
use
answers
to
queries
like
‘What
is
Forge
Standard
Library?’
to
measure
the
power
of
Foundry
as
a

smart
contract
development
toolkit.
The
Forge
Standard
Library
offers
a
collection
of
useful
contracts
that
ensure
easier
and
faster
scripting
of
tests
with
a
user-friendly
experience.

Foundry
is
better
than
other
popular
smart
contract
development
frameworks
such
as

Remix
IDE
and

Hardhat
for
offering
tools
like
the
Forge
Standard
Library.
The
in-built
support
for
smart
contract
testing
empowers
developers
to
check
the
functionality
of
their
smart
contracts
before
deployment.
The
Forge
Standard
Library
is
the
most
effective
and
commonly
preferred
resource
for
writing
tests
with
the
Foundry
framework.
Take
a
look
at
the
following
important
functionalities
you
can
access
with
Forge
Standard
Library. 

The
Forge
Standard
Library
offers
an
updated
cheatcodes
interface
with
‘Vm.sol’.
You
can
use
the
following
command
to
import
the
cheatcodes
interface.

import “forge-std/Vm.sol”;

The
Forge
Standard
Library
or
Forge
Std
also
offers
logging
functionality
like
Hardhat
with
‘console.sol’
and
‘console2.sol’.
You
can
import
the
logging
functionality
by
using
the
following
commands.

import “forge-std/console.sol”; import “forge-std/console2.sol”;

It
is
important
to
remember
that
‘console2.sol’
features
patches
for
‘console.sol’
that
help
Forge
Standard
Library
in
decoding
traces
for
all
calls
to
the
console.
However,
‘console2.sol’
does
not
offer
compatibility
with
Hardhat. 

You
can
also
access
basic
utilities
for
writing
code
in
Solidity
programming
language
with
‘Script.sol’
in
the
Forge
Standard
Library.
The
following
command
will
help
you
import
‘Script.sol’
from
the
Forge
Standard
Library.

import “forge-std/Script.sol”;

Discovering
the
Test
Functionality
of
Forge
Standard
Library

The
primary
function
of
the
Forge
Standard
Library
is
to
help
you
write
tests
for
Solidity
smart
contracts
with
Foundry.
You
can
use
a
Forge
Standard
Library
guide
only
when
it
offers
insights
on
effective
ways
to
use
resources
like
the
‘Test’
contract.
You
can
rely
on
the
‘Test’
contract
in
‘Test.sol’
to
gain
access
to
all
the
important
functionalities
required
for
writing
tests.
It
is
important
to
note
that
‘Test.sol’
is
the
superset
of
DSTest
and
includes
a
cheatcode
instance,
Hardhat
console
and
standard
libraries.

Developers
can
capitalize
on
the
test
functionality
of
Forge
Standard
Library
by
importing
‘Test.sol’
and
inheriting
from
‘Test’
in
the
test
contract.
The
following
command
can
help
you
import
‘Test.sol’. 

import "forge-std/Test.sol"; contract ContractTest is Test { ... 

Once
you
have
inherited
from
the
‘Test’
contract
in
your
test
contract,
you
can
try
many
other
functions
such
as, 

Accessing
HEVM
through
the
‘vm’
instance. 

Logging
with
the
Hardhat
‘console’.

Using
any
one
of
the
Forge
Standard
libraries.

Asserting
and
logging
with
the
Dappsys
Test.

Are
you
aspiring
to
learn
the
fundamentals
of
the
Ethereum
Virtual
Machine
and
smart
contracts’
upgradability?
Enroll
now
in
the Advanced
Solidity
Development
Course.

Explore
the
Important
Components
of
Forge
Standard
Library

Working
with
the
Forge
Standard
Library
can
be
difficult
without
the
knowledge
of
its
important
components.
You
must
know
that
the
Forge
Library
includes
standard
libraries
and
a
cheatcodes
instance
‘vm’.
Developers
can
also
access
all
Hardhat
console
functions
for
logging
and
Dappsys
Test
functions
for
asserting
and
logging.
The
Forge
Standard
Library
also
helps
you
access
different
utility
functions
in
‘Scripts.sol’.

The
standard
libraries
in
Forge
are
the
most
crucial
resources
for
writing
tests
with
better
speed
and
ease.
You
can
use
Std
Logs,
Std
Errors,
Std
Assertions,
Std
Match,
Std
Storage
and
Std
Cheats
for
different
functionalities.
The
console
logging
and
Script
Utils
libraries
are
also
other
useful
additions
among
the
standard
libraries
by
Forge.
Let
us
take
a
look
at
the
significance
of
the
standard
libraries
you
can
find
in
Forge. 

• 
  Std
  Logs 

Std
Logs
is
an
important
standard
library
in
Forge.
It
has
the
capability
to
expand
with
the
logging
of
new
events
from
the
DSTest
library. 

• 
  Std
  Assertions

Std
Assertions
are
another
important
highlight
in
a
Forge
Standard
Library
guide
for
testing
Solidity
smart
contracts.
The
‘Assertions’
library
expands
over
the
assertion
functions
found
in
the
DSTest
library.
The
notable
examples
of
Std
Assertions
include
assertTrue,
assertLtDecimal,
assertEq
and
many
others.

• 
  Std
  Cheats

Std
Cheats
are
the
wrappers
for
Forge
cheatcodes
to
ensure
better
safety
alongside
improving
the
developer
experience.
The
examples
of
Std
cheats
include
skip,
hoax,
rewind,
deal,
bound
and
deployCode.
Every
addition
in
the
Std
Cheats
library
offers
unique
functionalities
such
as
skipping
forward
the
block
timestamp
by
a
certain
number
of
seconds
with
skip.
You
can
use
the
deployCode
cheat
for
deploying
a
contract
with
the
help
of
contract
bytecode
from
artifacts
directory. 

Familiarize
yourself
with
the
complete
Ethereum
smart
contract
development
lifecycle
and
gain
fluency
in
the
best
practices
for
smart
contract
coding,
testing,
and
deployment
with Smart
Contracts
Development
Course.

• 
  Std
  Errors

Std
Errors
is
also
another
important
library
in
Forge
Std
that
simplifies
the
developer
experience
in
the
testing
process.
The
library
includes
wrappers
for
some
of
the
general
internal
errors
and
reverts
in
Solidity.
The
components
of
the
Std
Errors
library
include
assertionError,
divisionError,
arithmeticError,
encodeStorageError
and
many
others.

You
can
find
unique
ways
to
leverage
the
Std
Errors
wrappers
to
your
advantage
in
the
testing
process.
The
‘assertionError’
helps
in
detecting
internal
Solidity
error
upon
failure
of
an
‘assert’.
Similarly,
the
‘divisionError’
is
visible
as
an
internal
Solidity
error
when
you
have
a
failed
division.
The
other
components
in
the
Std
Errors
library
can
support
proactive
detection
of
internal
errors
during
the
testing
process. 

• 
  Std
  Storage 

The
crucial
standard
libraries
in
Forge
also
include
Std
Storage.
It
offers
important
utilities
for
storage
manipulation.
You
can
access
query
functions
and
terminator
functions
with
Std
Storage
library.
You
can
start
using
Std
Storage
by
importing
the
following
command
in
the
test
contract.

import {stdStorage, StdStorage} from "forge-std/Test.sol"; 

Now,
you
must
introduce
the
following
line
in
the
test
contract.

using stdStorage for StdStorage;

You
can
leverage
the
‘stdstore’
instance
for
gaining
access
to
Std
Storage.

The
query
functions
of
Std
Storage
in
the
Forge
library
help
in
setting
the
address
of
the
target
contract
or
passing
an
argument
to
the
function.
You
can
also
use
query
functions
for
specifying
the
4-byte
selector
to
static
call
in
a
function.
The
terminator
functions
can
help
you
access
the
slot
number,
reading
the
value
from
the
storage
slot
or
specify
the
data
for
the
storage
slot.
It
is
also
important
to
note
that
Std
Storage
comes
with
certain
limitations
on
access
to
packed
slots.

• 
  Std
  Math 

The
simplest
addition
among
the
standard
libraries
in
Forge
Standard
Library
is
Std
Match.
You
can
find
three
distinct
tools
in
the
Std
Math
library
for
important
mathematical
functions.
The
‘abs’
function
helps
in
obtaining
the
absolute
value
of
a
number
while
the
‘delta’
function
calculates
the
difference
in
absolute
value
of
two
numbers.
The
‘percentDelta’
function
helps
you
calculate
the
percentage
of
difference
between
two
numbers. 

• 
  Script
  Utils 

Script
Utils
offers
access
to
different
utility
functions
that
you
can
use
in
tests
and
scripts.
You
can
learn
Forge
Standard
Library
best
practices
to
discover
the
importance
of
the
two
utility
functions
in
the
Script
Utils
library.
The
‘computeCreateAddress’
function
helps
in
computing
the
address
on
which
a
contract
will
be
deployed
for
a
specific
deployer
address.
The
‘deriveRememberKey’
function
can
help
in
deriving
a
private
key
from
a
mnemonic
alongside
storing
it
in
the
local
wallet
of
forge.

• 
  Console
  Logging 

Console
logging
is
also
one
of
the
crucial
functions
that
you
would
come
across
in
the
Std
libraries
in
Forge
Standard
Library.
It
is
somehow
similar
to
the
console
functions
of
Hardhat.
You
can
use
it
for
transactions
and
calls
along
with
view
functions.
The
console
logging
functions
always
work
whether
the
call
or
transaction
fails
or
becomes
successful. 

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Final
Thoughts 

Smart
contract
development
is
as
effective
as
the
testing
process.
You
can
use
the
Forge
Standard
Library
to
write
tests
for
Solidity
smart
contracts
with
Foundry.
It
offers
a
collection
of
libraries,
utility
functions
for
scripts
and

Hardhat
console
functions
for
logging.
The
Forge
Standard
Library
also
offers
access
to
all
Dappsys
Test
functions
that
improve
the
developer
experience. 

Developers
can
use
a
Forge
Standard
Library
guide
to
explore
the
functionalities
of
each
function
in
the
standard
libraries
with
examples.
In
addition,
the
awareness
of
Forge
cheatcodes
can
help
developers
simplify
the
development
experience
with
the
assurance
of
improved
security.
The
capabilities
of

Foundry
as
a

smart
contract
development
toolkit
are
clearly
visible
in
the
diverse
functionalities
offered
by
the
Forge
Standard
Library.
Learn
more
about
Foundry
and
the
Forge
Standard
Library
now.